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An outbreak of E. coli in the UK is due to salad leaves; or is it?

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We are being told that a recent outbreak of E. coli in the UK is due to salad leaves.  Considering the falsities we’ve been told over the last four years about covid, it is reasonable to at least consider whether there could be other causes – such as genetic engineering research or vaccines.


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A recent outbreak of E. coli in the UK is believed to be caused by some supermarket sandwiches containing salad leaves. According to reports, one person has died and 275 confirmed cases have been reported across the country as of 25 June.

“The infection has hospitalised 122 and to date, seven cases of the severe haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS), a medical emergency linked to [Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (“STEC”)] which can lead to kidney failure and death have been reported,” the Daily Mail reported.

The UK Health Security Agency (“UKHSA”) said that although the rate of new STEC cases is declining they expect more cases in the coming days as further samples from suspected patients are analysed.

We are being told the outbreak is due to salad leaves but we have to ask the question:  Could the E. coli outbreak be related to gain-of-function or protein engineering research, or even vaccines?

Escherichia coli, or E. coli, is a widely used bacterium in protein engineering due to its simplicity (it is easy to manipulate), low cost and high yield of recombinant proteins. Dr. Sabine Stebel, who completed her PhD in protein engineering, said in a presentation to Doctors for Covid Ethics that directed protein evolution, which uses E. coli in the process, has been common practice since the 1990s.

E. coli has been used to produce human proteins (such as insulin, interferon and growth hormone), enzymes (such as lactase and amylase for industrial applications) and antibodies (such as monoclonal antibodies for therapeutic applications).

Mammalian cell lines are now commonly used for glycosylated protein production (where a carbohydrate is attached to a protein) but E. coli remains the organism of choice for expressing heterologous proteins in therapeutic applications.  Heterologous proteins are proteins that are produced in a cell or organism that is not their natural host.

Approximately 30% of all approved therapeutic proteins are produced in E. coli, according to a 2018 mini-review published in FEMS Microbiology Letters.  The abstract stated:

In his 1977 book ‘Paper Doctors’, Dr. Vernon Coleman warned of the dangers of genetic engineering using E. coli.  He wrote:

It’s not only laboratory accidents or leaks we should consider as a culprit of the recent E. coli outbreak.  E. coli is present in some routine vaccines

E. coli has been engineered to be used as a platform for producing vaccine antigens because of its ability to express foreign proteins and its ease of cultivation makes it an attractive choice for vaccine development.

Scientists have modified E. coli to produce virus-like particles (“VLPs”) that can be used as vaccine delivery systems.  E. coli-derived VLPs have been used for vaccines against various diseases in humans and animals. 

In the UK, there appears to be only one E. coli-derived VLP vaccine for humans: Hecolin, the first licensed E. coli-derived vaccine, for the prevention of hepatitis E virus (“HEV”).

The following table is taken from a 2017 paper published in the journal Vaccines titled ‘Escherichia coli-derived virus-like particles in vaccine development’ which shows a list of vaccines that had been developed or were being developed using E. coli at that time.

Table 1
E. coli-derived VLP based vaccines or vaccine candidates
Vaccine name Company/Institution VLP platform Vaccine antigen Clinical Trial/Approved Reference or clinical trial identifier (NCT) *
Prophylactic vaccines
 HEV Hecolin Xiamen Innovax Biotech Co., Ltd (Xiamen, China) HEV HEV capsid polypeptide Licensed 18, 19
 HPV HPV16/18 Xiamen University, Xiamen Innovax Biotech Co., Ltd HPV HPV16/18 L1 major capsid protein Phase III NCT01735006
 HPV6/11 Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise Co., Ltd (Beijing, China) HPV6/11 L1 major capsid protein Phase II NCT02710851
 ACAM-FLU-Aa Sanofi Pasteur HBcAg Influenza A M2e Phase I NCT00819013
 gH1-Qbetaa A*STAR and Cytos Biotechnology Bacteriophage Qβ globular head domain (gH1) of haemagglutinin (HA) Phase I 61
 MalariVax (ICC-1132)a Apovia HBcAg Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein Phase I NCT00587249
Therapeutic vaccines
 HBV ABX203 (HeberNasvac)b The Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cuba HBV HBsAg/HBcAg Licensed 65, 66
 Allergic rhinitis and asthma CYT003-QβG10a Cytos Biotechnology Bacteriophage Qβ G10 (CpG DNA) Phase II NCT00890734
 Malignant melanoma CYT004-MelQβG10a Cytos Biotechnology Bacteriophage Qβ Melan-4, G10 DNA (CpG) Phase II NCT00651703
 Alzheimer’s disease CAD106a Cytos Biotechnology Bacteriophage Qβ Aβ1-6 epitope Phase II NCT01097096
 Hypertension CYT006-AngQβa Cytos Biotechnology Bacteriophage Qβ Angiotensin II Phase II NCT00500786
 Nicotine addiction NIC002a Cytos Biotechnology Bacteriophage Qβ Nicotine hapten Phase II NCT01280968
 Type II diabetes mellitus CYT013-IL1bQβa Cytos Biotechnology Bacteriophage Qβ IL-1β Phase I NCT00924105
*References or NCT numbers (registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov) are provided
a Chimeric VLP-based vaccines: VLPs as vaccine platforms display heterologous epitopes or antigens on their surface by the way of genetic fusion or chemical conjugation
b Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg), were expressed in yeast (Pichia pastoris) and E. coli, respectively
Huang, X., Wang, X., Zhang, J. et al. Escherichia coli-derived virus-like particles in vaccine development. npj Vaccines 2, 3 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-017-0006-8

In addition to using engineered E. coli as a vaccine delivery system.  There are also vaccines to prevent E. coli which contain engineered E. coli.

Poulvac E. coli is a vaccine used in chickens and turkeys for active immunisation against an infection caused by E. coli serotype O78, also known as colibacillosis. It contains the live bacteria E. coli, type O78, strain EC34195 with a gene (aroA) deleted.  This vaccine is widely used in the UK.

In 2012, the UK approved a Canadian vaccine, Econiche, designed to reduce E. coli O157:H7 shedding in cattle, manufactured by Bioniche Life Sciences. The idea being that if the cows weren’t pooping it, then it wouldn’t spread to humans. 

We were unable to find information about the ingredients or components of Econiche but a 2006 press release published by BioSpace gives a tantalising clue that it contains engineered E. coli:

“To target specific proteins” sounds as if it is something along the lines of protein engineering, , gain-of-function or loss-of-function.

In 2012, the UK gave Econiche – which contains engineered or modified E. coli – Special Treatment Certificate authorisation, allowing veterinary surgeons to use the vaccine on visitor open farms – farms which the public visits. 

One could argue that the E. coli in Econiche were engineered so they could not cause disease, similar to the idea of an attenuated virus being used in virus vaccines.  But, as with other microorganisms and viruses, could the bacterium change from its engineered version and even revert to its natural state?

Writing about the contamination of polio vaccines, Medical Veritas said:

Read more: Polio vaccines introduced RSV into populations and now Pfizer’s RSV vaccines carry health risks

There are no licenced E. coli vaccines (to prevent E. coli) for use in humans in the UK. However, researchers are actively exploring their development.

In June 2022, the UK’s National Institute for Health Research (“NIHR’s”) Patient Recruitment Centre in Leicester launched a phase three trial of the “first vaccine to prevent common bacterial infections.”  The trial was to “test the effectiveness and safety of a new, single injection [E. Coli] vaccine which is being developed by Janssen.”

Common infections, such as urinary tract infections (“UTI”), are caused by the bacteria E. coli.  So, the trial was looking for adults aged 60 years and older with a history of UTI. 

Justifying the need for an E. coli vaccine Martin Wiselka, Professor of Infectious Disease at Leicester’s Hospitals and Principal Investigator for the UK trial, explained:

The trial is designed to evaluate the efficacy of the 9-valent extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli vaccine (ExPEC9V) compared to a placebo.  The ExPEC9V vaccine uses sugars that are part of the casing around the E. coli bacteria, which are bound to a protein coming from another bacteria – Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa – a multidrug-resistant pathogen, meaning it can develop resistance to multiple antibiotics – is capable of causing a variety of infections in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts including:

  • Urinary tract infections
  • Gastrointestinal infections
  • Skin and soft tissue infections
  • Pneumonia
  • Septic shock

The first two in the list above are the very infections the 9-valent E. coli vaccine is aiming to prevent. However, we are being reassured that neither of the bacteria in the vaccines can cause disease. 

“The ExPEC9V vaccine contains clean and harmless sugars and proteins, but not the bacteria themselves. It cannot cause E. coli or P. aeruginosa infections,” Stuart Cohen, chief of Infectious Diseases at the University of California Davis Health and the principal investigator of the study, explained.

Could a chimeric organism, a man-made combination of E.coli and P. aeruginosa cause disease?  Cohen doesn’t say.

After all the “rigorous” trials for the “safe and effective” covid “vaccines,” do you trust these novel bacteria “vaccines” and the people who develop and promote them?

It was expected that approximately 18,556 study participants would be recruited worldwide, of which between approximately 2,500-3,000 were expected to be recruited in the UK. Participants will be in the study for about three years after receiving the study vaccine, according to the UK trial’s press release.

Returning to the current E. coli outbreak: Yesterday, UKHSA quoted Darren Whitby, Head of Incidents at the Food Standards Agency, as saying: “Although we are confident in the likely source of the [E. coli] outbreak being linked to lettuce, work continues to confirm this and identify the root cause of the outbreak with the growers, suppliers and manufacturers so that actions can be taken to prevent a re-occurrence.”

UKHSA didn’t give the location of the outbreak, it merely gave the number of “confirmed” E. coli cases in each of the four nations:

  • 182 in England
  • 58 in Scotland
  • 31 in Wales
  • 4 in Northern Ireland (evidence suggests that they acquired their infection in England)

It would be interesting to know if there are any cases in Leicester.

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This article has been archived by Conspiracy Resource for your research. The original version from The Exposé can be found here.